Pseudo-fossil (Anthracite Coal Fragment)
Inorganic; derived from compressed plant matter (Calamites or Lepidodendron relatives) • Pseudo-fossil; Non-biological sedimentary carbonaceous material
Geological Period
Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian subperiod)
Estimated Age
300 to 325 million years
Preservation Type
Carbonization (extremely high-grade metamorphic coalification)
Condition Assessment
Good (as a mineral specimen); features sharp edges and distinct sub-metallic luster, though technologically 'damaged' if viewed as a tool or biological specimen.
Taxonomic Classification
Non-taxonomic; Order: Macropaleobotanical derivative (Phytoclast)
Morphological Description
Exhibits conchoidal fracture patterns typical of high-carbon anthracite. Triangular shape suggests human-mediated chipping (lithic reduction) or accidental fracturing. Lacks biological symmetry or specific anatomical features of a true fossilized organism.
Rock Matrix
Self-contained anthracite matrix with minor traces of localized iron-oxide (limonite) or clay staining in crevices.
Formation & Location
Appalachian Basin (Llewellyn Formation), Pennsylvania, USA, or similar global coal measures in South Wales or Ukraine.
Size & Dimensions
Approximately 8-10 cm in length; consistent with large industrial coal screenings or hand-picked specimens.
Value & Rarity
Estimated Market Value
$5.00 - $15.00 USD
Auction Estimate
$10.00 - $25.00 USD (as a decorative mineral lot)
Rarity Assessment
Common; high volumes of anthracite are extracted globally for fuel and industrial use.
Scientific Significance
Illustrates the end-product of extreme carbonization and tectonic pressure on prehistoric peat bogs. Serves as an index for the Carboniferous climate and terrestrial biomass accumulation.
Preparation Recommendations
Keep in a low-humidity environment to prevent pyritic oxidation; handle with gloves to avoid carbon transfer to hands.
Notable Features
The specimen mimics the silhouette of a lithic projectile point (arrowhead), but the surface texture and fracture planes suggest natural or accidental breakage rather than intentional anthropogenic knapping.